Entre práticas informais e instituições escolares: a aceitabilidade das IAG entre alunos do ensino secundário
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Resumo
Este artigo analisa as representações, os usos e os não usos da inteligência artificial generativa (IAG) entre alunos do ensino secundário na França. Baseia-se num questionário aplicado no final de 2024 a 1.159 estudantes do ensino básico e secundário da região Grand Est, dos quais cerca de dois terços declaram utilizar IAG. Ancorada numa abordagem crítica do digital na educação, a investigação recorre a um modelo de aceitabilidade social inspirado em Venkatesh, enriquecido por variáveis relativas à ética e à transparência. Os resultados evidenciam que os usos se caracterizam sobretudo por uma apropriação pragmática das IAG, centrada na ajuda aos trabalhos de casa, na reformulação de conteúdos e na pesquisa de informação, geralmente fora de enquadramentos pedagógicos formalizados. Essas práticas respondem a lógicas de eficácia escolar e de economia de tempo, mas levantam questões sobre a autonomia cognitiva dos alunos e a compreensão dos limites tecnológicos. Os não usos revelam motivações diversas, associadas a preocupações éticas, à valorização do esforço pessoal ou a receios institucionais. O artigo destaca, assim, as tensões entre práticas informais e quadros escolares incertos, sublinhando a necessidade de uma educação crítica e reflexiva sobre a IAG.
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