La technologie des registres distribués (TRD) : usages et perspectives dans le secteur de l’éducation
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La technologie des registres distribués (TRD), connue aussi sous le nom anglais de « Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) » ou « blockchain », constitue une innovation stimulante et aujourd’hui très présente dans le monde des affaires et de la finance. Selon CPA Canada (2019), ces technologies sont puissantes au regard de leur potentiel de création de nouveaux modèles économiques. De nombreux pays ont déjà adopté la TRD pour certains aspects liés à la légalisation des documents, à l'identité, à la résidence électronique, à la santé, à la sécurité et à d'autres services administratifs. Avec l’arrivée du numérique dans le monde de l’éducation par le biais de l'apprentissage à distance, les classes intelligentes et les outils de gestion scolaire intelligents, la technologie a pris place dans les écoles et risque d’en définir en grande partie les évolutions futures. L’arrivée des registres distribués s’inscrit dans cette lignée. Cependant, l’évolution rapide et constante et la complexité de la technologie des registres distribués, la rareté des compétences spécialisées en TRD en Afrique, le coût important de l’infrastructure initiale ainsi que l’absence du cadre réglementaire soulèvent des interrogations et des inquiétudes quant à l’adoption de cette technologie dans un secteur aussi sensible que l’éducation.
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